By 2023, India had two aircraft carriers in service — one bought from Russia, one
built at home. For years, the military lobbied for a third, citing rising Chinese
influence in the Indian Ocean. Designs were drafted. Feasibility studies approved.
But in 2024, the government pulled the plug. For years, India planned a third
aircraft carrier to expand its blue-water capabilities in the Indian Ocean and
South China Sea. However, in 2024, the government formally shelved the project,
citing cost and evolving priorities. Instead, India pivoted sharply. Billions were
reallocated to building six nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSNs) and
expanding its fleet of ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs). The logic was stealth,
survivability, and strategic deterrence. Aircraft carriers, they argued, are flashy but
vulnerable. At any point in time, only one aircraft carrier is active since
maintenance and repair of each takes 6 months in a year, which was deemed as
a threat to Indian Strength in the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea. As of 2025,
the Chinese People
'
s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) has two active carriers, the
Liaoning and Shandong, with the third, Fujian, currently undergoing sea trials. A
fourth carrier, currently called "Type 004"
and featuring nuclear propulsion, has
been under construction since 2024. Wang Yunfei, a retired PLA Navy officer and
other naval experts projected in 2018 that China might possess five or six aircraft
carriers by the 2030s.
India’s Navy currently has Two Aircraft carriers :
INS Vikramaditya – bought from Russia
INS Vikrant – built in India
There are two main types of Nuclear Submarines :
SSBNs (Ballistic Missile Submarines) – carry nuclear missiles and are
used for nuclear deterrence
SSNs (Nuclear Attack Submarines) – used to track enemy ships and
submarines, and can stay underwater for long periods